People may call it a retirement visa but retirement is none of the requirements:
The visa is called: Non Immigrant O visa based on being over 50 years of age, according my calculators 49 is not over 50, but it may be different in the US.
You can apply before the last Admitted to Stay date for an 1 year Extension of Stay based on being employed in Thailand at your local Immigration Office.
You can not apply on-line for a new visa while residing in Thailand.
Just for your information and to avoid panic in the house:
You might go to Immigration if the date in your stamp is during closing days before the closed dates
OR
IF you go the first working day after this closure there will be NO overstay fines but you will get the overstay stamp in your passport and it will be registered in the Immigration database.
The Non Immigrant O visa based on marriage with a Thai National, reason is that you get 90 days on entry and possible to extend with another 60 days based on visiting wife.
The Tourist visa gives you only 60 days, can be extended once with 30 days (cost 1900 Thb) and after those 30 days you can apply for the 60 days to visit wife but that cost again 1900 thb and an extra half day sitting in an Immigration Office.
Save time and money to apply direct for the correct visa.
Already more than 2 months overstay, you are aware that with a few more days you will hit the 90 days and that will save your worries to get back into Thailand for at least 1 year.
The emergency travel document and back to UK was the best option.
There might be a small issue. The under consideration period is used to consider if your meet all the requirements, one of them is if your marriage is de jure and de facto.
This is done by a visit to your address and can not be done if you spent the time in Korea.
So the worst thing in life is going to happen, you have to discuss with the officer if you can leave and can use a re-entry permit in this period.