You need to go to the police HQ in Bangkok near Central World to get police clearance.
Also I could be wrong (90% sure I'm not) but I don't think you can change from a non-ED to a non-B while being in the country. You will need to leave and apply at an embassy in a neighbouring country or leave and re-enter on an exemption and convert the exemption.
No 30 day extension on a non-O you can either do a border bounce and come back in with 30 day visa exemption or you can get a 1 year extension for your non-O.
It's possible but it's extremely tedious, I would highly suggest using an agent, if you don't want to use an agent you will spend days looking for a branch that will accept as each branch is governed by its own rules and with recent changes it's much harder. If you use an agent it will cost between 6-10k depending on where you are and save you a lot of time and hassle.