What you got in the past was a tourist extension. That means you entered Thailand as a tourist, either with a tourist visa or no visa at all and entered visa exempt. This time you did not enter as a tourist, so you cannot get a tourist extension
Which extension were you trying to get? A non-O based on marriage can only be extended 2 ways:
1) a One-year extension based on marriage to Thai, including proof of funds in your Thai bank account for 2 months, and a large number of other things which varies by immigration office
2) a 60-day visiting Thai family extension based on your Thai wife. Not all immigration offices offer this extension.
For both of these, your wife would need to be with you and your marriage would need to be registered in Thailand at an amphur office.
Get the non-O with your bank balance in the US. Come to Thailand and use that non-O to open a bank account and get yourself setup for the future.
Then before you come next time, get another non-O visa, and once you arrive you can transfer the money into the Thai bank account you already opened and you'll be well positioned to apply for your 1-year extension.