... that would have been pre covid but last year when I renewed my kids UK passports it took about 2½ months as opposed to 2 weeks pre covid when I renewed my own one.
Take Tod's advice, those are the only options available. I've been on a non O spouse ME for years but for the first time I had to get a 3 month SE and have since applied for my 1 year extension of stay, currently under consideration. Borders are closed so don't waste your money on a ME visa even IF you can get one, just get a SE and do the 1 year extension and you can get a re-entry permit if/when you can get a flight out.
... definitely better to get it done while he's there but an appostilized copy can be easily gotten by applying online, albeit at a cost. That said, I didn't need a certified copy for my year extension which I recently applied for but I'm pretty sure we needed it for the korRor22 when we registered our marriage in Thailand.
... you shouldn't need another letter and statement if the ones you have are less than 7 days old, just an update of your passbook. Here's the list of requirements from the Chiang Mai IO.
As previously mentioned, to apply for the COE you need to upload details of your flights, ASQ booking and health insurance details. If you apply a number of months in advance, you then lose those months on your entry stamp because of your insurance validity.