Usually, if you leave the country amd come back to the same address you have to file your tm30. If traveling around thailand and come back to same address you do not have to file again.
This information came from two different immigration office's.
Best to go ask what they would like, but I'm sure they will tell you this.
If your looking at a couple weeks earlier, you could probably get away with it. But from the sounds of it, you are not even a year into your two year.... no way they will renew it. You get the 24month license first to prove you are a responsible driver, if you are, you will be upgraded to the 5 year renewal.
agreed, how I do it, and I think the majority of folks that reside here know this information. My answer was based on the assumption the OP was traveling.