Learning to speak is much easier than understanding spoken Thai. I recommend learning the Thai alphabet and inflections used as early as possible. It’s taken me about 1 year to be able to have full on conversations with Thai friends… the more you learn the faster it comes to you. Now working on my Issan!
For UK it will be very difficult. You will need to show lots of money in your UK bank account to cover all her costs. If you own UK property show details. Have detailed documentation and timeline including photo journal of all the time you have spent with your girlfriend. Even with all this you probable have less than 1% chance you will get a visa for her. For UK you will normally need GF to have job for reputable registered Thai business, to own property, to have savings.
maybe a good option.... As you state you only need this insurance for your visa therefore you can increase the excess to significantly reduce the cost.