Place of issues means where you got your passport. It says it on your passport. For example, I am from Belgium but I got my last passport in bangkok so place of issue in my case is bangkok and not Brussels or Belgium.. look at your passport!
I think that you've seen conflicting information because not everyone is asked for the same documents. It depends a lot on the embassy where you apply so check that website and see what documents they want from you.
I think there is no requirement to run your company for any number of years so in theory you should be fine if you meet all other requirements, especially the business proof and financial proof.
But again it is up to the embassy, they can request more docs than what is originally listed on their site.
I doubt that this will be accepted. Maybe, depending on the embassy and if you write a good coverletter. The requirements clearly state employment contract or portfolio and this document seems to be neither. Things will go much smoother if you give them what they want 😉