Anonymous participant 256 they don't know if it's a non-O based on retirement or marriage unless it's mentioned on the visa. Immigration doesn't have access to the MFA computer system. When they scan the QR code they see basically the same stuff that's on the visa.
That depends on which country. The Thai embassy in some countries only allow residents of that country to apply for visas. While other Thai embassies accept applications from anyone that's physically in the country. You would want to check the embassy website to see what their policy is.