Samui better nitelife. Chaweng specifically has more nitelife than Lamai but I personally like the mix of Lamai beach w the laid back atmosphere but yet a decent amount of nitelife.
The passport has a chip in it and sometimes they can still scan it to prove your identity.
Do u have a “Passport Card” along w your passport? Go to US Embassy and u can use your Passport card to prove your identity and apply for a emergency passport.
Not sure how long that takes though and they usually mail it to your Thai address, however u may be able to arrange for pickup at embassy? Give them a call.