Philippines Social Security used to only transfer to Bangkok bank, but that changed a couple of years ago. They will transfer to any Thai bank now. Thai banks are usually hostile to foreigners, and you will have to go from branch to branch, but eventually you will get an account. If you still have trouble, there are visa agencies that will open a thai bank account for you for about 5000 baht.
Hospital might be able to sort an extension for you have a medical basis, or something. However, they may want to admit your whole family and make you pay for it.