You won't get a residence cert living in Bangkok, from Bangkok Immigration or from your Embassy on a tourist visa. However you can get one from Phuket after filing a TM30 (one night stay). Even easier with an agent in Pattaya. You'll also need a second residence cert (the first will likely have expired, valid only 30 days, for the white plates and the number plate will be from a Chonburi
some of those flights / visas / exemptions would require it and some of them not. I recommend next time you fly to Thailand, not having an ongoing ticket, flying in on an entry method that requires one and letting us know how you go on