a residency certificate is for one purpose only stated on the certificate. Eg for opening bank account - only at specific and clearly stated bank. You will certainly need two.
legally the clarity is very much there. The problem is that nobody complies with it as the authorities do not chase and penalise you for non compliance. When however will do one day the tax liability can be always backdated. It is up to the taxpayer to register for self assesment. Try not to register in the UK!
If you are cumulatively in Thailand over 180 days per each Jan-Dec fiscal year you become a tax resident in Thailand. Whether it is pursued by tax authorities is another matter yet residency in legal terms exist. Currently, the tax liability is on remittance basis only but most of the countries are moving to worldwide earnings and even assets basis. Personally i would not want to acquire a second tax residency and the world is big enough to count the days and move for a period when the relevant days run out.