Having a return ticket isn't on the list of requirements and there's nothing about an outbound ticket on the application, nor any mention of proof of accommodation after quarantine.
They are now processing single entry tourist visas (TR) (different from the STV) through the Thai Embassy Washington DC. This is a new policy and has just started around the world in the last few weeks. Includes other high risk countries such as UK, France, Canada etc. You can check each Thai Embassy website to see if it's being offered in your country.
It varies from country to country. As Heidrun Salzer showed, some require a resident card or equivalent if you're not a passport holder for that country, but some don't. It will specifically say on that country's Thai Embassy/Consulate site for the requirements for the TR visa. I don't think the US is requiring it, for example.
This is what I used and was accepted right away. It's the Thai govt Covid insurance (only Covid insurance, not health insurance) portal for foreigners, set up specifically to meet the 100k requirement. Took 5 minutes, priced reasonably and dependent on length of stay and policy sent immediately via email after payment.
Yes, this is what I used. It was very simple, took 5 minutes, cost depends on length of stay and they sent the policy immediately after payment. The Thai Consulate accepted it without question. This is Covid-only insurance, coverage of 100k.
the govt created an insurance policy/portal just for foreigners coming in, to meet this requirement. I used it and it's super easy, takes 5 minutes and the price depends on your length of stay. They immediately send you the policy via email on completion of payment.