I believe you have a UK passport, so when you arrive in Thailand you will get a 45 day visa exemption which is extendable one time should you decide to stay longer. Being that this is your first time traveling to Thailand, the odds of them asking for 20,000 baht is almost zero.
If I were in your situation I would try to get a tourist visa and have all the necessary documents and cash ready to show when arriving in Thailand. However, that still doesn't guarantee Thailand will let you in, it really depends on the individual you're dealing with. Hope everything works out for you.
There's a lot of conflicting information here. You need to check the Thai consulate in Cambodia and see what their specific requirements are. If they do allow evisas you can certainly apply for one beforehand just as long as you have a ticket showing you will be going to Thailand from that country, but keep in mind that the visa has to be used by a certain date.
I think it depends on your airline... mine always checks to see if I'm leaving before the tourist visa expires. I just rebook the flight once I'm in thailand
Also when traveling to Krabi I recommend you store your stuff in Phuket since they're so close to each other. You can pack light and go for a few days.