Your permission to stay in Thailand is directly related to your work permit, once your work ends the reason for staying ends. Unless you are on the original 90 day non b Visa, if you have an extension you must leave or find another way to stay.
while I agree with you generally, I think a huge net was cast for account owner authentication which snares mule accounts many other accounts under the KYC (know your customer) doctrine. Even today law enforcement admitted they drew broad brush strokes and will narrow the scope. How that pans out for foreigners caught up in misalignment with identity details for banking apps and various visa type holders is yet to be seen. What is for sure is Bangkok Bank is going balls to the wall to redeem itself.
Why are you applying for a tourist visa when over 92 countries get a free 60-day visit exempt entry? What country is your passport and where are you applying through?
Strongly suggest you don't and read the Thai Embassy website in Korea to see that non-nationals or people without resident visas are allowed to even apply
Ensure that whatever embassy you apply through accepts applications from your passport country and be aware there may be additional checks and processing times. The embassy website will list the nation's with additional requirements.
It doesn't give you 90 days to apply for the 1 year extension as your funds must season for 2 months in a Thai Bank before applying for the one year extension, so really you only have 30 days to get your funds over here.