Most visas for countries have a validity starting with the date they are issued and expire either at the end of that period or when you enter the issuing country. The period of stay is a different thing depending again on the issuing country and the type of visa you have
go to the UK immigration website which is very comprehensive in what is required and look at the headings. Then start building a file of info under each of the headings. The pay the initial fee and you will be directed to a service website and arrange the interview with them. They submit to UK immigration and then it's a waiting game. As I said ball aching but we did it ourselves without any agents. Can do electronic depositing of documents or take paper copies
If she has family who are dependant on her then you have reason for her return. I did the same for my gf last year it is a ball aching process but went ok for UK. As for France I have no idea, good luck