What are the best options and considerations for switching to a Non-O visa while dealing with an overstay due to passport complications in Thailand?

You just leave and return and apply for the non-o here in Thailand

You're not "forced to overstay" because your partner doesn't have his passport. If you want to keep your passport clean of overstay problems, you could travel to somewhere like Penang and wait for him there.

You can do TWO BORDER BOUNCE land border crossing into Thailand EACH calendar year. Plus one 30 day extension of stay... Gives you 45 days stamp plus 30 days = 75 days stay in Thailand.. EACH time.

you won't border bouncing to get any VISA. You border bounce to exit/re-enter and get in on a free visa exempt entry or activate a new entry on an existing multi-entry visa)

You VISA RUN <- as in go to a thai consulate in a nearby country to get a visa

Now as far as the overstay, any overstay is bad, no matter how you slice it, and if you applied for a new passport thru VFS global <- the company that renews Brits passports in thailand it's taking about 11-13 weeks to get it back if you make NO mistakes on the appl (but usually VFS won't take an application with mistakes on it) 😕

Be that as it may your actual problem will be

seeing as your husband doesn't yet have his 90 day Non-O based on being over 50 or his year extension I don't know any thai consulate in the area that will sell you a 90 day Non-O based on being the trailing spouse (being married to someone on a long stay visa/extension) and that's because your husband ISN'T on that yet.

You have to wait for him to get thru the whole process of the 90 day Non-O, wait the review period, get the Non-O and new 90 day stamp inked in, wait the 2 months so he can apply for the eyar extension and after that IF you can find a place that will sell it (as that visa is getting harder and harder to source around here) you can go to a consulate and buy your 90 day single entry Non-O visa based on trailing spouse 😕

There is no "destination" anyone can recommend, because for you to get that trailing spouse visa your spouse needs to be on a long stay visa/extension and he's not.

You need to just go get a free 45 day visa exempt entries, along with the 30 day extensions to buy you the time while your husband gets thru the process of getting his Non-O and then year extension