Do I need to renew my passport before my NON-O retirement visa renewal in Thailand?

It'll be because you don't have 6 mths left on your passport.

For most purposes where a passport is needed, you need to have more than 6 month left before renewal.

Yes you need 6 months on the passport.

You answered your question yourself

A non O visa for one year doesn't exist.

Yeah, they are not going to like you not having 6 months on your passport. The best case is that they will only stamp you in until the end of you passport so you won't get a full year extension.

I have an LTR visa. Normally they would have given me a stamp for 5 years out but my passport was to expire before that. They only stamped me in until the end of my passport. I did get a new passport and they transferred the visa and updated the end date of my permission to stay stamp.

Your extension is only issued until your passport ending date. It is not dated past your passport expire date. That is why. If your passport expires in August then your extension is only dated until August, not April.

Do what your immigration officer tells you to do.

Can’t see why because in April ‘25 you’d get a new extension until April ‘26