@Andy ***********
you will need to get a new pp as not sure about UK , but Aus emergency passport about 6 weeks (or 6 months) can’t recall, but I think 6 weeks, it’s designed to get you home quickly and I think it’s like supposed to be only 2-3 days to receive.
Make sure you document everything you can, police reports, anything you can get on your visa ect.
Try to keep original letters & give copies to anyone who wants or needs a copy.
Not sure how you got your visa, I know when ppl get a new pp they take old one to get the visa transferred. If can be done without old passport but maybe papers from your embassy ect.. ok, but if a headache to do, maybe quicker to do again from home country or come back in on a new (full term 5 or 10 year po) & do in Thailand.
All the best with it, as unless your embassy can get you a new po with more than 6 months before you overstay, I would get the emergency one.
Maybe even if you get the emergency one if you have time, can try to get the visa out in it & then have it transferred again in a full po.