You get your 90-day tourist visa from your home country's Consul or Embassy. It is good for 60 days before you need to extend it at Thai immigration in Thailand. I've had 12 of them. That is a fact. There is or was a 6-month tourist visa as well which you have to do a border run after 2 months when you return it is stamped for another 2 months. After that further 2 months, you do a border run again and return for a further 2 months, You can do the same again making the number of times you can extend it to a 6-month tourist visa to 8 months there are financial conditions. Maybe they have cancelled that arrangement but I have not seen that so far. It was very common until they introduced the present visa exemption. I really don't care what Thailand calls it but in plain English, a visa exemption is a visa.
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A 90-day Thai tourist visa allows a visitor to enter Thailand and stay for up to 90 days:
The visa is valid for 90 days from the date of issue
Visitors must enter Thailand within the 90-day period
The initial stay is 60 days
Visitors can request a 30-day extension from an immigration officer, for a total stay of up to 90 days
The extension fee is 1,900 baht
Visitors should check their passport's immigration stamps to ensure they don't overstay their visa
The penalty for overstaying is a fine of 500 baht per day and a ban on entry for at least five years
To apply for a Thai tourist visa, you can visit or contact the nearest Thai Embassy or Consulate in your country.