What are the requirements for obtaining an Education Visa at the Thai embassy in Tokyo?

Unless your Japanese or have the residents card, I don't believe any visa is possible in Japan

For non-Japanese applicant, a copy of residence card or certificate of alien registration which is valid at least 3 months or more. For those who are currently applying for renewal of residence card, please submit a copy of acceptance of renewal issued by Immigration Bureau of Japan. The applicant is also required to present the original documents of identification upon visa application.

Here you find what you need: