Can I travel to another country while my Non-Ed student visa application for Thailand is pending?

If you need and want to do as you wish

If it’s under consideration then you officially don’t have a visa yet

So that means you can do anything you want

No

If you have an application pending with a Thai embassy, you're generally required to remain within the jurisdiction of that embassy until the application has been processed.

If they find out you left, they are likely to cancel your application. They can still summon you for an interview at any time, and if you miss the appointment, they will reject your application. They will also inspect your passport at such an appointment, and if they see any other stamps since you applied, they will reject your application. Another common thing for embassies to do is to request a photo of every page of your passport along with some type of proof of the date in the photo, so they can make sure there are no additional stamps in your passport after you applied.