Can I travel internationally during the one-month consideration period of my non-O spouse visa renewal in Thailand?

I did it last year - got back the day I had to return to immigration. (I normally wouldn't have waited until the last day but I was dealing with a sick family member while I was gone.) For unknown reasons, the immigration officer at BKK airport sent me to a higher-level officer, with mild surprise from both of them. But no issues other than the extra time it took there and having to run to make my flight to CNX. As

@Ellie ******

mentioned, talk to your local immigration office to make sure your absence will cause no snafus.

I did it exactly the same last time during my extension. You only need to ask for a single re-entry permit for the under consideration period and explain why. I returned back on time before the under consideration date was expired and no problem at all during arrival

You can travel abroad as long as you get a re-entry permit and return to Thailand on or before the under-consideration period (date) is up then still can keep your under-consideration stamp alive. BUT, you need to talk with your local immigration office about your travel plan abroad within the U/C period when you apply for a 1-year extension and before submitting the documents. Many offices have you to do something during the U/C period such as home visits, witness interviews at home, witness interviews at the local office, online interviews (you need to be at home - registered address - with your wife), etc. You don't want to miss that.