No. Phuket do not require a filed TM30 for short term extensions
Stuart *********
You can apply for an extension at any of the 3 offices. Phuket Town (busiest), Patong Beach office or the one at Blue Tree water park (least busiest).
You will need a copy of your passport, a copy of your entry stamp, a passport photo and to fill out a form called TM7. Cost is 1,900 baht. Sign the copies.