Your post is a little vague, so let’s see if I can’t help make things clearer:
>I leave on the 15 july and want to return in Janurary for approx 10 months.
Where are you leaving? Are you planning on coming to Thailand on July 15th? If so, I recommend holding off if possible because of the COVID-19 situation. AS OF RIGHT NOW, the borders to Thailand are closed, and nobody knows when they will open, or what the requirements will be.
>I am 76 and i stay with my brother who is married to a thai lady.
I don’t think who you live with matters when it comes to visa laws.
>Is there some way i can get to stay here for this length of time and not have a thai bank account as i do not get enough to put the required amount into a bank here.
IF you do not meet the financial requirements for a “retirement” related visa, your best option would be to enter on a multiple entry tourist visa that you can purchase in your home country. This visa is good for 6 months, and you can stay 60 days at a time on each entry. If used correctly you should be able to get 8 months out of it. BUT, that visa is not designed to live here, and immigration officers have been known to reject people entering Thailand who they think are abusing that visa.
>I have heard of O and OA papers but do not know what they mean.
The “O” and “OA” are visa types. Tod Daniels made an excellent post about it here
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Hopefully this answers your questions
Also, what is your nationality? Different nationalities may have different visas that they can acquire.