@Paul ******
not if you don't have any bags to check in and did the process online or at one of the self service kiosks.
That said, often if flying international and the country has visa requirements, you can get a notification that online and kiosk check-in is not possible and you need to go to the counter.
@Nicolas *************
In any case, ground staff can request to see the visa at any point in the airport, be it check in counter or gate counter, there is no "definitive location".