Can I enter Thailand multiple times in 2023 if I am traveling to Japan in between?

That travel pattern involves short stays with clear breaks outside Thailand and does not resemble continuous or repeated long stays within the same cycle. As long as you have an onward or return ticket, accommodation details, and can show funds if asked, this is within what immigration normally accepts under the visa exemption system itself. There is no fixed “two entries per year” rule in the regulations, that idea comes from misunderstandings around border run practices, not from any codified policy. With short stays and longer periods abroad and home of domicile, your travel clearly fits ordinary tourism and is not what the new formalised guidelines are aimed at. As always, entry is at the discretion of the IO you meet, but nothing you describe should raise any red flags under normal circumstances.

There aren't any new entry rules. Visa exempt is still available several times a year. It's up to 60 days for those who can use it each time. Only thing is the tightening up of entries where people use visa exempt, extensions and border bounces and to try and live in Thailand without a visa.

Yes, no worries mate